Search results for "Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"
showing 10 items of 46 documents
The influence of serotonin- and other genes on impulsive behavioral aggression and cognitive impulsivity in children with attention-deficit/hyperacti…
2008
Contains fulltext : 70708.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Low serotonergic (5-HT) activity correlates with increased impulsive-aggressive behavior, while the opposite association may apply to cognitive impulsiveness. Both types of impulsivity are associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and genes of functional significance for the 5-HT system are implicated in this disorder. Here we demonstrate the separation of aggressive and cognitive components of impulsivity from symptom ratings and test their association with 5-HT and functionally related genes using a family-based association test (FBAT-PC). METHODS: Our sample consisted of 1180 o…
Cognitive mechanisms underlying reading and spelling development in five European orthographies
2014
This paper addresses the question whether the cognitive underpinnings of reading and spelling are universal or language/orthography-specific. We analyzed concurrent predictions of phonological processing (awareness and memory) and rapid automatized naming (RAN) for literacy development in a
Children of parents with cancer: a collaborative project between a child psychiatry clinic and an adult oncology clinic.
2007
This article describes the development of a collaborative relationship between a child psychiatry clinic and an adult oncology clinic within a university hospital. The interest of the child psychiatry clinic was to pay attention to children of parents with cancer, and to propose an intervention to support them. A child-centred family counselling model was designed for this purpose. The preparation, implementation, and results of this project are described. Positive results, as well as mistakes and failures are discussed, and recommendations are made regarding this kind of collaboration.
Genetic analysis of dyslexia candidate genes in the European cross-linguistic NeuroDys cohort
2013
The work conducted at the WTCHG was supported by Wellcome Trust grants [076566/Z/05/Z] and [075491/Z/04]; the work in Zurich partly by an SNSF grant [32-108130]. We also thank MAF (Mutation Analysis core Facility) at the Karolinska Institute, Novum, Huddinge. The French part of the project was funded by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-06-NEURO-019-01 GENEDYS) and Ville de Paris. S Paracchini is a Royal Society University Research Fellow. D Czamara was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) within the framework of the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (EXC 1010 SyNergy). Dyslexia is one of the most common childhood disorders with a prevalence o…
Genome-wide association scan of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
2008
Contains fulltext : 70191.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Results of behavioral genetic and molecular genetic studies have converged to suggest that genes substantially contribute to the development of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common disorder with an onset in childhood. Yet, despite numerous linkage and candidate gene studies, strongly consistent and replicable association has eluded detection. To search for ADHD susceptibility genes, we genotyped approximately 600,000 SNPs in 958 ADHD affected family trios. After cleaning the data, we analyzed 438,784 SNPs in 2,803 individuals comprising 909 complete trios using ADHD diagnosis as phenotype. We present t…
Childhood adversities and distress - The role of resilience in a representative sample.
2016
While adverse childhood experiences have been shown to contribute to adverse health outcomes in adulthood, specifically distress and somatic symptoms, few studies have examined their joint effects with resilient coping style on adult adjustment. Hence, we aim to determine the association between resilient coping and distress in participants with and without reported childhood adversities. A representative German community sample (N = 2508) between 14-92 years (1334 women; 1174 men) was examined by the short form of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Brief Resilience Coping Scale, standardized scales of distress and somatoform symptoms. Childhood adversity was associated with reduced ad…
Association between DRD2/DRD4 interaction and conduct disorder: a potential developmental pathway to alcohol dependence
2013
1 Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil 2 King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, London, United Kingdom, UK 3 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany 4 Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 5 Psychology Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 6 Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition an…
Preventing problematic internet use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consensus guidance
2020
As a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments have introduced steps such as spatial distancing and “staying at home” to curb its spread and impact. The fear resulting from the disease, the ‘lockdown’ situation, high levels of uncertainty regarding the future, and financial insecurity raise the level of stress, anxiety, and depression experienced by people all around the world. Psychoactive substances and other reinforcing behaviors (e.g., gambling, video gaming, watching pornography) are often used to reduce stress and anxiety and/or to alleviate depressed mood. The tendency to use such substances and engage in such behaviors in an excessive manner as putative coping strategies i…
A functional variant of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) moderates impulsive choice in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder boys and sibli…
2011
Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Impulsive drive for immediate reward (IDIR) and delay aversion are dissociable elements of the preference for immediate over delayed rewards seen in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We hypothesized that IDIR would be associated with dopamine regulating genes and delay aversion would be associated with serotonin-regulating genes. METHODS: Impulsive drive for immediate reward and delay aversion were measured in 459 male children and adolescents (328 ADHD and 131 unaffected siblings) with a laboratory choice task. The sample was genotyped for the 5HTT (SLC6A4) promoter serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region polymorphism and a …
Murdered women’s children: A social emergency and gloomy reality
2018
Femicide, defined as the killing of females by males because they are females, is be-coming recognized worldwide as an im-portant ongoing manifestation of gender inequality. Actual or imminent separation, abuser’s access to firearms, prior threats with a weapon, prior threats to kill the victim, a stepchild in the household, prob-lematic alcohol and illicit drug use, as well as mental health problems, are associated with a substantially higher risk of femi-cide. Little is known about the number of orphaned children who have instantane-ously lost both parents. Sparse attention has been focused on children whose moth-er was murdered: these are difficult cases for child psychiatry teams. Decis…